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The "Viennese Classicism", the age of Joseph Haydn, Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart and Ludwig van Beethoven, is regarded as one of the great achievements of European culture in music. The Age of Biedermeier found its counterpart to these three composers of the Classical period in the person of the Viennese composer Franz Schubert, whose works of chamber music represented a highlight of the Romantic period. The outgoing 19th century was characterised by the works of Anton Bruckner, Hugo Wolf and Johannes Brahms, the epitome of Classical-Romantic music. Gustav Mahler can be regarded as one of the great symphonic composers at the onset of Modernism. The Vienna Operetta had its kings in Johann Strauß and Franz Lehár, the music of the brothers Schrammel is inseperable from the "Heurigen" (i.e. a typical Viennese wine tavern). The "Second Viennese School" with Arnold Schönberg, Alban Berg and Anton Webern influenced music from the era of Modernism to the fusion music of Josef (Joe) Zawinul and Franz Koglmanns "Third Stream".
The Austrian National Anthem is named "Land der Berge" (Land of mountains).
It officially became the national anthem of the Republic of Austria on February 25, 1947. The melody goes back to the year 1791 and it is not clear who has composed it. A theory says, that maybe Mozart is the composer. The lyrics are writen by Paula von Preradovic.
German:
Land der Berge, Land am Strome,
Land der Äcker, Land der Dome,
Land der Hämmer, zukunftsreich!
Heimat bist du großer Söhne,
Volk, begnadet für das Schöne,
vielgerühmtes Österreich,
vielgerühmtes Österreich!
Heiß umfehdet, wild umstritten
liegst dem Erdteil du inmitten,
einem starken Herzen gleich.
Hast seit frühen Ahnentagen
hoher Sendung Last getragen,
vielgeprüftes Österreich,
vielgeprüftes Österreich!
Mutig in die neuen Zeiten,
frei und gläubig sieh uns schreiten,
arbeitsfroh und hoffnungsreich.
Einig laß in Brüderchören,
Vaterland, dir Treue schwören,
vielgeliebtes Österreich,
vielgeliebtes Österreich!
English:
Land of mountains, land on the river,
Land of fields, land of cathedrals,
Land of hammers, with a good future.
Homeland are you of great sons,
Nation graced with beauty,
much praised Austria,
much praised Austria!
Strongly fought for, fiercely contested,
You lie at the continent's center like a strong heart.
You have borne since ancient times
The burden of a high mission,
much tested Austria,
much tested Austria!
With courage into a new age,
free and believing watch us stride,
happily working and full of hope.
In fraternal chorus let us swear in unity
fatherland, our allegiance to you,
much beloved Austria,
much beloved Austria!
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